Nvidia dominated the AI enviornment in 2024, with shipments of its Hopper GPUs greater than tripling to over two million amongst its 12 largest prospects, in line with estimates from Omdia.
However whereas Nvidia stays an AI infrastructure titan, it is dealing with stiffer competitors than ever from rival AMD. Amongst earlier adopters of its Intuition MI300 sequence GPUs, AMD is shortly gaining share.
Omdia estimates that Microsoft bought roughly 581,000 GPUs in 2024, the biggest of any cloud or hyperscale buyer on the planet. Of these, one in six was constructed by AMD.
At Meta – by far essentially the most enthusiastic adopter of the hardly year-old accelerators, in line with Omdia’s findings – AMD accounted for 43 p.c of GPU shipments at 173,000 versus Nvidia’s 224,000. In the meantime, at Oracle, AMD accounted for 23 p.c of the database big’s 163,000 GPU shipments.
Nvidia remained the dominant provider of AI {hardware} in 2024. Credit score: Omdia – click on to enlarge
Regardless of rising share amongst key prospects like Microsoft and Meta, AMD’s share of the broader GPU market stays comparatively small subsequent to Nvidia.
Omdia’s estimates tracked MI300X shipments throughout 4 distributors – Microsoft, Meta, Oracle, and GPU bit barn TensorWave – which totaled 327,000.
AMD’s MI300X shipments remained a fraction of Nvidia’s in 2024. Credit score: Omdia – click on to enlarge
AMD’s ramp isn’t any much less notable as its MI300-series accelerators have solely been available on the market for a yr now. Previous to that, AMD’s GPUs have been predominantly utilized in extra conventional high-performance computing functions like Oak Ridge Nationwide Laboratory’s (ORNL) 1.35 exaFLOPS Frontier supercomputer.
“They managed to prove the effectiveness of the GPUs through the HPC scene last year, and I think that helped,” Vladimir Galabov, analysis director for cloud and datacenter at Omdia, advised The Register. “I do think there was a thirst for an Nvidia alternative.”
Why AMD?
How a lot of this thirst is pushed by restricted provide of Nvidia {hardware} is tough to say, however a minimum of on paper, AMD’s MI300X accelerators provided an a variety of benefits. Launched a yr in the past, the MI300X claimed 1.3x increased floating level efficiency for AI workloads, in addition to 60 p.c increased reminiscence bandwidth and a couple of.4x increased capability than the venerable H100.
The latter two factors make the half significantly enticing for inference workloads, the efficiency of that are extra usually dictated by how a lot and how briskly your reminiscence is fairly than what number of FLOPS the GPU can throw round.
Usually talking, most AI fashions right now are educated at 16-bit precision, which implies that with a view to run them, you want roughly 2 GB of vRAM for each one billion parameters. With 192 GB of HBM3 per GPU, a single server boasts 1.5 TB of vRAM. Which means massive fashions, like Meta’s Llama 3.1 405B frontier mannequin, can run on a single node. A equally geared up H100 node, alternatively, lacks the reminiscence essential to run the mannequin at full decision. The 141 GB H200 does not undergo from this similar limitation, however capability is not the MI300X’s solely social gathering trick.
The MI300X boasts 5.3 TBps of reminiscence bandwidth, versus 3.3 TBps on the H100 and 4.8 TBps for the 141 GB H200. Collectively, which means that the MI300X ought to in concept be capable to serve bigger fashions sooner than Nvidia’s Hopper GPUs.
Even with Nvidia’s Blackwell, which is just simply starting to achieve prospects, pulling forward on efficiency and reminiscence bandwidth, AMD’s new MI325X nonetheless holds a capability benefit at 256 GB per GPU. Its extra highly effective MI355X slated for launch late subsequent yr will push this to 288 GB.
As such, it is no shock that Microsoft and Meta, each of that are deploying massive frontier fashions measuring tons of of billions and even trillions of parameters in dimension, have gravitated to AMD’s accelerators.
This, Galabov notes, has been mirrored in AMD’s steering, which has constantly inched upward quarter after quarter. As of Q3, AMD now expects Intuition to drive $5 billion in revenues in fiscal 2024.
Going into the New Yr, Galabov believes that AMD has a chance to realize much more share. “AMD executes well. It communicates well with clients, and it’s good at talking about its strengths and its weaknesses transparently,” he stated.
One potential driver is the emergence of GPU bit barns, like CoreWeave, that are deploying tens of hundreds of accelerators a yr. “Some of these are going to purposely try to build a business model around an Nvidia alternative,” Galabov stated, pointing to TensorWave as one such instance.
Customized silicon hits its stride
It is not simply AMD chipping away at Nvidia’s empire. On the similar time cloud and hyperscalers are shopping for up large portions of GPUs, many are deploying customized AI silicon of their very own.
Cloud suppliers deployed large portions of customized AI silicon in 2024, nevertheless it’s necessary to recollect not all of those elements are designed for GenAI. Credit score Omdia – click on to enlarge
Omdia estimates that shipments of Meta’s customized MTIA accelerators, which we checked out in additional element earlier this yr, crested 1.5 million in 2024, whereas Amazon positioned orders for 900,000 Inferentia chips.
Whether or not or not this poses a problem to Nvidia relies upon fairly closely on the workload. That is as a result of these elements are designed to run extra conventional machine studying duties just like the recommender techniques used to match adverts to customers and merchandise to consumers.
Whereas Inferentia and MTIA could not have been designed with LLMs in thoughts, Google’s TPUs definitely have been and have been used to coach most of the search big’s language fashions, together with each its proprietary Gemini and open Gemma fashions.
Greatest Omdia can determine, Google positioned orders for about 1,000,000 TPU v5e and 480,000 TPU v5p accelerators this yr.
Along with Inferentia, AWS additionally has its Trainium chips, which regardless of their identify have been retuned for each coaching and inference workloads. In 2024, Omdia figures Amazon ordered about 366,000 of those elements. This aligns with its plans for Mission Rainier, which can present mannequin builder Anthropic with “hundreds of thousands” of its Trainium2 accelerators in 2025.
Lastly there’s Microsoft’s MAIA elements, which have been first teased shortly earlier than AMD debuted the MI300X. Just like Trainium, these elements are tuned for each inference and coaching, one thing Microsoft clearly does a good bit of as OpenAI’s essential {hardware} associate and a mannequin builder in its personal proper. Omdia believes Microsoft ordered roughly 198,000 of those elements in 2024.
The AI market is larger than {hardware}
Nvidia’s monumental income features over the previous two years have understandably shone a highlight on the infrastructure behind AI, nevertheless it’s just one piece of a a lot bigger puzzle.
Omdia expects Nvidia to wrestle over the following yr to develop its share of the AI server market as AMD, Intel, and the cloud service suppliers push various {hardware} and companies.
“If we’ve learned anything from Intel, once you’ve reached 90-plus percent share, it’s impossible to continue to grow. People will immediately look for an alternative,” Galabov stated.
Nonetheless, as an alternative of combating for share in an more and more aggressive market, Galabov suspects that Nvidia will as an alternative give attention to increasing the overall addressable market by making the expertise extra accessible.
The introduction of Nvidia Inference Microservices (NIMs), containerized fashions designed to perform like puzzle items for constructing complicated AI techniques, are only one instance of this pivot.
“It’s the Steve Jobs strategy. What made the smartphone successful is the App Store. Because it makes the technology easy to consume,” Galabov stated of NIMs. “It’s the same with AI; make an app store and people will download the app and they’ll use it.”
Having stated that, Nvidia stays grounded in {hardware}. Cloud suppliers, hyperscalers, and GPU bit barns are already saying large clusters primarily based on Nvidia’s highly effective new Blackwell accelerators, which pull nicely forward of something AMD or Intel have to supply right now, a minimum of when it comes to efficiency.
In the meantime, Nvidia has accelerated its product roadmap to assist a yearly cadence of latest chips to keep up its lead. Evidently whereas Nvidia will proceed to face stiff competitors from its rivals it is at no danger of shedding its crown any time quickly. ®
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