Worldwide powers in search of a peaceable transition in Syria must take into account lifting the “terrorist” designations utilized to the Islamist motion that led the riot to topple Syria’s Bashar al-Assad, a senior UN official has steered.
Geir Pedersen, the UN’s particular envoy for Syria, instructed the Monetary Occasions there was “no way to exclude” Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, an offshoot of a former al-Qaeda affiliate that moved into Damascus after spearheading the lightning offensive that ended the Assad household’s half-century of rule over Syria.
However he mentioned lifting the “terrorist” designations utilized by the US and the EU — which embody journey bans and asset freezes on HTS — would rely upon the rebels’ actions on the bottom, and whether or not the group was keen to be “inclusive” in a brand new authorities.
“If it includes all Syrians, all Syrian communities, then I think that those who are dealing with these questions I’m sure will be willing to look at it [the designations] and to see if it is really a change that has taken place,” Pedersen mentioned.
US officers have mentioned they’re in contact with all Syrian teams and can decide HTS leaders by their actions.
“We will intend to engage with them appropriately and with US interests in mind,” mentioned one US official, including that the terrorist designation was one thing the US would “have to look to down the line”.
The EU on Monday known as for an “orderly, peaceful and inclusive transition” that protected spiritual minorities, including that it was backing Pedersen’s efforts. A choice to elevate the HTS’s terrorist designation must be taken by unanimity among the many EU’s 27 member states.
The German international ministry additionally mentioned that Berlin’s stance in the direction of HTS can be decided by the best way the group handled minorities. It famous that Idlib, town that has lengthy been underneath HTS management, was “no democratic paradise”, the place individuals had been imprisoned for “dissenting opinions [and] behaviour”.
UN particular envoy for Syria Geir Pederson: ‘We need to make sure that we are not excluding any group’ © Mahmud Hams/AFP/Getty Photos
The spectacularly swift collapse of the regime has left western and regional powers dashing to take care of the complexities of what comes subsequent in a weak, hollowed-out state that’s dwelling to many armed factions, and with the prospect of an Islamist militant group being the important thing powerbroker.
Syria is blighted by a collapsed financial system, with thousands and thousands of individuals displaced from their properties and depending on humanitarian help.
“There are new realities on the ground. Of course, there are many armed groups involved and HTS is obviously a significant one of them. There is no way we can exclude dealing with HTS,” Pedersen mentioned.
“It doesn’t mean that it is not a challenge that they are a listed organisation. But with this reality, we need to make sure that we are not excluding any group so that there is an excuse to continue the fighting.”
HTS, probably the most highly effective of the insurgent teams that had been combating the regime, is led by Abu Mohammad al-Jolani. He renounced his hyperlinks to al-Qaeda in 2016 and has sought to rebrand his group as a extra average Islamist motion, however he’s nonetheless listed as a terrorist by the UN and by western powers.
Really useful
The designations imply that the UN has been unable to straight speak to HTS, which for a lot of the previous decade dominated the northwestern Syrian province of Idlib that was one of many remaining insurgent strongholds and residential to between 3mn and 4mn individuals. HTS ruled by a civilian-led administration within the province however dominated with an iron grip and imposed Islamist legal guidelines.
In the course of the offensive, Jolani reached out to tribes and former opponents and brokered give up agreements with regime commanders, whereas ordering the safety of minorities as he sought to reassure Syrians about HTS’s intentions.
However Pedersen mentioned Syria couldn’t be ruled like Idlib. “That would not be possible — hopefully this is something understood.”
“I think the question is whether HTS understand that they can’t rule Syria as HTS, that would create the same kind of challenges as you now see in Afghanistan with the Taliban,” he mentioned. He added that from what was being mentioned in public, there have been indicators that the group might “basically dismantle HTS and create a new entity. And we will follow this very closely.”
Anti-government forces stand guard in entrance of Syria’s central financial institution in Damascus on Monday © Louai Beshari/AFP/Getty Photos
The essential issue, he mentioned, can be involving all teams and sects within the fragile state, together with parts of the previous Assad regime.
He mentioned Syrian and worldwide powers needed to keep away from the errors made after the US led the invasion of Iraq that toppled Saddam Hussein after which purged the late dictator’s Ba’ath celebration from state establishments, making a vacuum that was exploited by extremists.
“Whatever we can do to make sure that there is an understanding between the opposition groups and whatever we call the existing arrangement in Damascus — [this] is extremely important, and that’s what we’re trying to do,” Pedersen mentioned.
He mentioned that, to date, what Jolani has been saying has “been reassuring to communities”. The insurgent chief declared on Sunday that Syrian state establishments would stay underneath the supervision of the Assad-appointed prime minister till a handover.
“They have tried to reach out,” Pedersen mentioned. “But now the big question is do we enter a period of new instability or an era where he’s willing to share power, you develop representative structures, and you can end sanctions and start to rebuild Syria?”
Further reporting by Man Chazan in Berlin and Henry Foy and Laura Dubois in Brussels.
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